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- 2020年5月22日
- 2 分鐘
三層的轉變描述
社福項目大部分是「以人為本」，即希望透過活動、交往、咨詢等，幫助別人得著「改善」。 既然如此，要有效地將項目成效展示，最直接的方法，又或者是最容易令人明白的方式就是將受助者之改變陳述一遍。 最先提出對人用三層去描述的不是社福界，而是商界，在1954年，當時在威斯康新大學的 Donald Krikpatrick 以公司做培訓前題下，研究其培訓之成效，因為用上了培訓的費用，究竟得回什麼樣的成果呢，他認為應該用三個向度去描述員工之表現。第一層是直接反應，第二是學到什麼知識技能及態度，第三是將學到的轉為行為。筆者借用了此一概念用在社福項目上，發覺效果其佳。既容易令人明白，亦令自己對項目有更深之了解. 一) 主觀的直接反應或感受 一個好的項目，其參與者起碼要喜歡項目的整體滿意度，其次是願意介紹給其他人，這兩是最基本的。針對不同情況， 亦應量度受助者的其他主觀感受，如幸福感、覺得再徬徨、對人有信任、感到支持等，這些都是主觀的陳述，用問題或訪談就可量度清楚。 二) 知識技巧及態度 不少項目都是增加受助者之能力，如職業培訓、學懂處理人際關係、衝突、掌握語言、或是
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